Calculadora RMD

Categoría: Retirement

---

// RMD Calculator Script document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { // Get DOM elements const calculateButton = document.getElementById('calculate'); const resetButton = document.getElementById('reset'); const resultsDiv = document.getElementById('results'); const form = document.getElementById('rmd-calculator-form'); // Account type specific rules const ACCOUNT_RULES = { traditional: { name: 'IRA Tradicional', startAge: 72, specialRules: 'Se aplican las reglas estándar de RMD' }, '401k': { name: '401(k)', startAge: 72, specialRules: 'Puede aplicar la excepción de empleo actual', employmentException: true }, '403b': { name: '403(b)', startAge: 72, specialRules: 'Múltiples proveedores requieren coordinación' }, '457b': { name: '457(b)', startAge: 72, specialRules: 'Los planes gubernamentales tienen disposiciones especiales' } }; // Constants for withdrawal frequencies const WITHDRAWAL_FREQUENCIES = { monthly: { periods: 12, label: 'mes' }, quarterly: { periods: 4, label: 'trimestre' }, 'semi-annual': { periods: 2, label: 'período semestral' }, annual: { periods: 1, label: 'año' } }; // 2022 IRS Uniform Lifetime Table const DISTRIBUTION_PERIODS = { 72: 27.4, 73: 26.5, 74: 25.5, 75: 24.6, 76: 23.7, 77: 22.9, 78: 22.0, 79: 21.1, 80: 20.2, 81: 19.4, 82: 18.5, 83: 17.7, 84: 16.8, 85: 16.0, 86: 15.2, 87: 14.4, 88: 13.7, 89: 12.9, 90: 12.2, 91: 11.5, 92: 10.8, 93: 10.1, 94: 9.5, 95: 8.9, 96: 8.4, 97: 7.8, 98: 7.3, 99: 6.8, 100: 6.4, 101: 6.0, 102: 5.6, 103: 5.2, 104: 4.9, 105: 4.6, 106: 4.3, 107: 4.1, 108: 3.9, 109: 3.7, 110: 3.5, 111: 3.4, 112: 3.3, 113: 3.1, 114: 3.0, 115: 2.9, 116: 2.8, 117: 2.7, 118: 2.5, 119: 2.3, 120: 2.0 }; // Formatting helpers function formatCurrency(amount) { return new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', { style: 'currency', currency: 'USD', minimumFractionDigits: 0, maximumFractionDigits: 0 }).format(amount); } function formatPercent(value) { return new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', { style: 'percent', minimumFractionDigits: 1, maximumFractionDigits: 1 }).format(value / 100); } // Get distribution factor based on age function getDistributionFactor(age) { return DISTRIBUTION_PERIODS[age] || DISTRIBUTION_PERIODS[Object.keys(DISTRIBUTION_PERIODS)[0]]; } // Add employment status check for 401(k) accounts function checkEmploymentStatus(accountType, inputs) { if (accountType === '401k' && inputs.stillEmployed) { const employerIs5PercentOwner = confirm( '¿Es usted propietario del 5% o más del negocio que patrocina el 401(k)?' ); if (!employerIs5PercentOwner) { throw new Error( 'Si aún está empleado y no es propietario del 5%, ' + 'puede retrasar los RMD hasta la jubilación. ' + 'Consulte con el administrador de su plan.' ); } } } // Get and validate form inputs function getValidInputs() { const inputs = { currentAge: parseInt(document.getElementById('current-age').value), accountBalance: parseFloat(document.getElementById('account-balance').value), accountType: document.getElementById('account-type').value, withdrawalFrequency: document.getElementById('withdrawal-frequency').value, expectedReturn: parseFloat(document.getElementById('expected-return').value) || 0, stillEmployed: document.getElementById('account-type').value === '401k' ? confirm('¿Sigue empleado por la empresa que patrocina el 401(k)?') : false }; // Validation if (!inputs.currentAge || inputs.currentAge < 72) { throw new Error('La edad debe ser 72 años o más para calcular los RMD'); } if (!inputs.accountBalance || inputs.accountBalance <= 0) { throw new Error('Por favor, introduzca un saldo válido de la cuenta'); } return inputs; } // Get account specific notes function getAccountSpecificNotes(accountType) { const rules = ACCOUNT_RULES[accountType]; let notes = []; switch(accountType) { case '401k': notes = [ 'Pueden aplicarse reglas especiales si aún está empleado', 'Pueden existir disposiciones específicas del plan', 'Considere transferir a una IRA para mayor control' ]; break; case '403b': notes = [ 'Se deben coordinar múltiples cuentas', 'Las contribuciones anteriores a 1987 pueden tener reglas especiales', 'Consulte con cada proveedor para requisitos específicos' ]; break; case '457b': notes = [ 'Las disposiciones de los planes gubernamentales pueden variar', 'Puede ser necesaria la coordinación con otros planes', 'Pueden aplicarse reglas específicas del estado' ]; break; default: notes = [ 'Se aplican las reglas estándar de distribución de IRA', 'Considere opciones de QCD si es elegible', 'Las reglas para IRA heredadas pueden diferir' ]; } return notes; } // Calculate RMD and create projection function calculateRMD(inputs) { const frequency = WITHDRAWAL_FREQUENCIES[inputs.withdrawalFrequency]; const factor = getDistributionFactor(inputs.currentAge); const annualRMD = inputs.accountBalance / factor; const periodicRMD = annualRMD / frequency.periods; const withdrawalRate = (annualRMD / inputs.accountBalance) * 100; // Generate projection schedule let schedule = []; let currentBalance = inputs.accountBalance; let currentAge = inputs.currentAge; const projectionYears = Math.min(20, 120 - currentAge); for (let year = 1; year <= projectionYears; year++) { const yearFactor = getDistributionFactor(currentAge); const yearRMD = currentBalance / yearFactor; const yearEndBalance = Math.max(0, (currentBalance * (1 + inputs.expectedReturn / 100)) - yearRMD); schedule.push({ year: year, age: currentAge, beginBalance: currentBalance, rmdAmount: yearRMD, endBalance: yearEndBalance, factor: yearFactor }); currentBalance = yearEndBalance; currentAge++; } return { annualRMD: annualRMD, periodicRMD: periodicRMD, withdrawalRate: withdrawalRate, factor: factor, schedule: schedule, frequency: frequency.label }; } // Create withdrawal visualization chart function createWithdrawalChart(results) { const container = document.getElementById('withdrawal-chart'); const containerWidth = container.offsetWidth; container.innerHTML = ''; const trace = { x: results.schedule.map(item => `Año ${item.year}`), y: results.schedule.map(item => item.rmdAmount), type: 'bar', name: 'RMD Anual', marker: { color: '#48bb78' } }; const layout = { title: { text: 'Proyección de RMD Anual', font: { size: 16 } }, width: containerWidth, height: Math.min(400, containerWidth * 0.7), margin: { t: 30, r: 20, b: 40, l: 60 }, xaxis: { title: 'Año', tickangle: -45 }, yaxis: { title: 'Monto de RMD', tickformat: '$,.0f' }, showlegend: false }; const config = { responsive: true, displayModeBar: false, staticPlot: true }; Plotly.newPlot('withdrawal-chart', [trace], layout, config); } // Create balance projection chart function createBalanceChart(results) { const container = document.getElementById('balance-chart'); const containerWidth = container.offsetWidth; container.innerHTML = ''; const trace = { x: results.schedule.map(item => `Año ${item.year}`), y: results.schedule.map(item => item.endBalance), type: 'scatter', mode: 'lines+markers', name: 'Saldo al Final del Año', line: { color: '#4299e1', width: 3 }, marker: { size: 8 } }; const layout = { title: { text: 'Proyección del Saldo de la Cuenta', font: { size: 16 } }, width: containerWidth, height: Math.min(400, containerWidth * 0.7), margin: { t: 30, r: 20, b: 40, l: 60 }, xaxis: { title: 'Año', tickangle: -45 }, yaxis: { title: 'Saldo', tickformat: '$,.0f' }, showlegend: false }; const config = { responsive: true, displayModeBar: false, staticPlot: true }; Plotly.newPlot('balance-chart', [trace], layout, config); } // Update distribution schedule table function updateScheduleTable(results) { const tbody = document.getElementById('distribution-schedule'); tbody.innerHTML = results.schedule.map(row => ` Año ${row.year} ${row.age} ${formatCurrency(row.beginBalance)} ${formatCurrency(row.rmdAmount)} ${formatCurrency(row.endBalance)} ${row.factor.toFixed(1)} `).join(''); } // Handle window resize for charts function handleResize() { const charts = document.querySelectorAll('.chart'); charts.forEach(chart => { chart.style.width = '100%'; chart.style.maxWidth = '100%'; chart.style.overflowX = 'hidden'; }); if (resultsDiv.style.display !== 'none') { try { const inputs = getValidInputs(); const results = calculateRMD(inputs); createWithdrawalChart(results); createBalanceChart(results); } catch (error) { console.error('Error al actualizar los gráficos:', error); } } } // Display results function displayResults(results, inputs) { document.getElementById('annual-rmd').textContent = formatCurrency(results.annualRMD); document.getElementById('periodic-withdrawal').textContent = formatCurrency(results.periodicRMD); document.getElementById('periodic-withdrawal').nextElementSibling.textContent = `Por ${results.frequency}`; document.getElementById('distribution-factor').textContent = results.factor.toFixed(1); document.getElementById('withdrawal-rate').textContent = formatPercent(results.withdrawalRate); createWithdrawalChart(results); createBalanceChart(results); updateScheduleTable(results); // Update account-specific notes const accountNotes = getAccountSpecificNotes(inputs.accountType); const notesList = document.querySelector('.notes-section ul'); // Remove any existing account-specific notes document.querySelectorAll('.account-specific-note').forEach(note => note.remove()); // Add new account-specific notes at the beginning accountNotes.forEach(note => { const li = document.createElement('li'); li.textContent = note; li.className = 'account-specific-note'; notesList.insertBefore(li, notesList.firstChild); }); resultsDiv.style.display = 'block'; resultsDiv.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth' }); } // Event Listeners calculateButton.addEventListener('click', function(e) { e.preventDefault(); calculateButton.classList.add('loading'); try { const inputs = getValidInputs(); // Check employment status for 401(k) accounts if (inputs.accountType === '401k') { checkEmploymentStatus(inputs.accountType, inputs); } const results = calculateRMD(inputs); displayResults(results, inputs); } catch (error) { alert(error.message || 'Ocurrió un error durante el cálculo. Por favor, revise sus datos.'); } finally { calculateButton.classList.remove('loading'); } }); resetButton.addEventListener('click', function() { form.reset(); resultsDiv.style.display = 'none'; // Clear charts Plotly.purge('withdrawal-chart'); Plotly.purge('balance-chart'); }); // Handle window resize let resizeTimer; window.addEventListener('resize', function() { clearTimeout(resizeTimer); resizeTimer = setTimeout(handleResize, 250); }); });